Why do we still talk about an 18th-century philosopher in our modern world? Because Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas about civil society are more relevant than ever. He forces us to ask tough questions about freedom, inequality, and the communities we build. If you have ever wondered why society feels both like a source of progress and […]
Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece who lived around 428 to 347 BC. He is one of the most important thinkers in the history of Western thought. His work has shaped philosophy and political science for thousands of years. Many people find philosophy intimidating, but Plato’s ideas don’t have to be. He explored profound
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Liberty is one of the most cherished concepts in political science and human history. It has inspired revolutions, reforms, and countless struggles across the world. The French philosopher Rousseau famously said, “Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains.” Liberty represents the desire of individuals to live freely and develop their potential without
Introduction: The Classical Lens on Politics Comparative politics seeks to understand our world. It asks how different political systems operate. It explores why some nations are stable and others are not. To answer these questions, scholars need a method. They need a framework for analysis. The earliest and most foundational method is the institutional approach.
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Aristotle’s theory of justice represents one of the most powerful ideas in political philosophy. Unlike Plato, who developed a theory of an ideal state, Aristotle focused his attention on justice as a living reality which defines how people live, act, and govern together. His concept of justice still shapes our modern understanding of fairness, equality,
The political economy approach in comparative politics studies how politics and economics influence each other. It explains how governments make economic decisions and how markets shape political actions. Through comparison, scholars find why some nations progress while others face inequality or crisis. The comparative political economy approach looks at both power and wealth together, not
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Feminism theory in international relation helps us understand how global politics looks different when we include women’s experiences. Traditional IR focused only on states, power, and military conflict. But feminist scholars show that security, diplomacy, and the global economy also affect women in unique ways. This article explains the meaning of the feminist approach, its
Political culture means the shared values, beliefs, and attitudes that people have about the government and political system. It helps us understand political behavior and why similar political institutions work differently across countries. In comparative politics, studying the types of political culture, the evolution of political culture, and the importance of political culture is very
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