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Liberty: Meaning, Types & Safeguards

Liberty is one of the most cherished concepts in political science and human history. It has inspired revolutions, reforms, and countless struggles across the world. The French philosopher Rousseau famously said, “Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains.” Liberty represents the desire of individuals to live freely and develop their potential without […]

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Political Economy Approach in Comparative Politics

The political economy approach in comparative politics studies how politics and economics influence each other. It explains how governments make economic decisions and how markets shape political actions. Through comparison, scholars find why some nations progress while others face inequality or crisis. The comparative political economy approach looks at both power and wealth together, not

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Satyagraha: Meaning, Origin, Principles, Rules, Techniques, and Major Movements – UPSC Notes

Satyagraha is the heart and soul of Gandhism. It was one of the major contributions of his political philosophy. It played a crucial role in shaping India’s freedom struggle and gave a new direction to political resistance. Gandhi used it as a disciplined way of fighting injustice, where moral strength became more powerful than physical

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Rousseau Discourse on Inequality

Rousseau’s “Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men,” written in 1755 and also known as the Second Discourse, stands as one of the most revolutionary philosophical works of the 18th century. In this groundbreaking text, Jean-Jacques Rousseau asked a fundamental question that would reshape political thought: How did inequality begin in human

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Thomas Hobbes on liberty

The Concept of Liberty is an important theory of Thomas Hobbes in the history of Political philosophy. Thomas Hobbes, the 17th-century English philosopher discusses social contract theory in which hobbies explain the scope of individual liberty. Hobbes argued that in the state of nature, individuals get unrestrained liberty, but life is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish

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